Jump Cuts, Over-the-Shoulder Shots, Cutaways and Point of View Shots.

Jump Cut - A jump cut is a cut in film editing in which two sequential shots of the same
subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly. This type of edit causes
the subject of the shots to appear to "jump" position in a discontinuous way.
 Link for further description of a Jump Cut


Over the shoulder shot - This is a shot filmed from behind character's shoulder: 
A cinematographic shot taken from over the shoulder of a character whose back
can be seen at the side of the frame


Cutaway Shot - A brief shot that interrupts the main action of a film, often to
depict related matter or supposedly concurrent action.

Point Of View Shot - A point of view shot, also known as POV shot is a short scene  in a film that shows what a character is looking at. It is usually established by being positioned between a shot of a character looking at something, and a shot showing the character's reaction. In depth look at Point Of View Shot. The link to this website is very useful given many differant types of shots and examples - Camera Shots



This picture demonstartes the POV shot.




Camera Movement: